A Guide to 40+ Popular Australian Chicken Breeds
Raising chickens has become a beloved pastime for many Australians, whether for fresh eggs, pest control, or simply the joy of having a flock of feathered friends roaming the backyard.
With so many chicken breeds available, it can be overwhelming to decide which ones are the best fit for your coop. Some breeds are known for their egg-laying abilities, while others stand out for their temperament or resilience in the Australian climate.
In this guide, we’ll take a closer look at some of the most popular chicken breeds in Australia to help you make an informed decision.
Table of Contents:
- Isa Brown – The Egg-Laying Superstar
- Australorp – Australia’s National Breed
- Silkie Bantam – The Fluffy Companion
- Pekin Bantam – The Compact Companion
- Leghorn – The Prolific Layer
- Plymouth Rock – The Dual-Purpose Classic
- Sussex – The Hardy All-Rounder
- Wyandotte – The Show-Stopper
- Rhode Island Red – The Reliable Layer
- Barnevelder – The Dutch Layer
- Easter Egger – The Colourful Egg Layer
- Australian Langshan – The Tall Beauty
- Old English Game Fowl – The Heritage Breed
- Orpington – The Fluffy Favourite
- Marans – The Chocolate Egg Layer
- New Hampshire – The All-Rounder
- Brahma – The Gentle Giant
- Araucana – The Blue Egg Layer
- Ancona – The Speckled Layer
- Andalusian – The Blue-Feathered Beauty
- Appenzeller – The Swiss Climber
- Belgian d'Uccle – The Bearded Bantam
- Campine – The Efficient Forager
- Cochin – The Fluffy Feathered Friend
- Cornish – The Meat Bird
- Cream Legbar – The Blue Egg Specialist
- Croad Langshan – The Versatile Heritage Breed
- Dominique – America’s Heritage Breed
- Dorking – The Ancient Dual-Purpose Bird
- Faverolles – The Friendly All-Rounder
- Fayoumi – The Hardy Egyptian Forager
- Frizzle – The Curly-Feathered Breed
- Hamburg – The Spotted Beauty
- Houdan – The Crested French Beauty
- Japanese Bantam – The Tiny Ornamental
- Minorca – The Mediterranean Egg Layer
- Naked Neck – The Heat-Resistant Chicken
- Polish – The Crested Showstopper
- Sebright – The Ornamental Gem
- Sultan – The Regal Ornamental
- Welsummer – The Classic Dutch Layer
- Choosing the Right Breed for Your Backyard
1. Isa Brown – The Egg-Laying Superstar
Overview:
Isa Browns are a hybrid breed specifically bred for high egg production. They are incredibly efficient layers, capable of producing up to 300-350 brown eggs annually. Their compact bodies and gentle temperaments make them ideal for urban backyards.
Personality:
Isa Browns are friendly, easy to handle, and social birds that do well in both confined and free-range environments. They are generally calm and adapt to different climates well, making them a popular breed across Australia.
Egg Production:
High (average of 6-7 eggs per week or around 350 per year, typically brown in colour).
Health:
As prolific layers, Isa Browns are prone to reproductive issues later in life, such as egg-binding and calcium deficiencies. A balanced diet and regular health checks can help manage these problems.
Suitability:
Perfect for beginner keepers and those focused on egg production. They are low-maintenance and ideal for families.
2. Australorp – Australia’s National Breed
Overview:
Australorps, developed in Australia from the Black Orpington, are a dual-purpose breed known for their excellent egg production and utility as meat birds. They hold the world record for egg production, with some hens laying over 300 eggs per year without additional lighting.
What Does "Without Additional Lighting" Mean?
Many chicken breeds require additional lighting during the shorter days of winter to maintain high egg production, as chickens naturally reduce laying when daylight hours decrease. However, Australorps are capable of laying at impressive rates—even without the need for artificial lighting. This means they can sustain a high level of egg production year-round, making them an efficient choice for backyard keepers who don’t want the hassle or expense of setting up supplemental lighting in their coops.
Personality:
Australorps are gentle, easy-going birds, making them great for children and first-time chicken keepers. They are friendly and do well in both confined spaces and free-range environments.
Egg Production:
Moderate to high (average of 5-6 eggs per week or 250-300 per year, typically light brown in colour).
Health:
Australorps are hardy birds that can withstand both hot and cold climates. They generally have few health issues and are known for their resilience.
Suitability:
An excellent choice for families looking for a reliable egg layer that’s also good for meat.
3. Silkie Bantam – The Fluffy Companion
Overview:
Silkies are one of the most easily recognisable chicken breeds due to their soft, fur-like feathers and black skin. Though they’re not prolific layers, their unique appearance and friendly nature make them popular as pets and ornamental birds.
Personality:
Silkies are incredibly docile and make excellent pets, especially for children. They are known for being broody and often make great mothers, even hatching eggs from other birds.
Egg Production:
Low (around 2 small eggs per week or 100 per year, typically white or cream in colour).
Health:
Silkies require extra care due to their delicate feathers, which are not waterproof. They are also more prone to external parasites and should be monitored regularly.
Suitability:
Best for those looking for a pet or ornamental bird rather than high egg production.
4. Pekin Bantam – The Compact Companion
Overview:
Pekin Bantams are small, round birds with fluffy, feathered feet and soft, abundant plumage. Although not known for egg production, their calm and friendly temperament makes them popular pets, particularly for families.
Personality:
Pekins are very gentle and tame, making them ideal for children or backyard keepers looking for a friendly, easy-to-manage chicken. They tend to be broody and make excellent mothers for hatching chicks.
Egg Production:
Low (average of 1-2 small eggs per week or 80-120 per year, typically white or cream in colour).
Health:
Pekins are hardy little birds but require more attention to grooming due to their feathered feet, which can become dirty and prone to mite infestations.
Suitability:
Best for those looking for a pet or ornamental breed, as well as small backyard setups.
5. Leghorn – The Prolific Layer
Overview:
Leghorns are famous for their egg-laying capabilities and are often used in commercial egg production. They are sleek, active birds with white or brown feathers and are known for laying large, white eggs.
Personality:
Leghorns are independent and energetic birds. While they may not be as affectionate as other breeds, they are hardy and low-maintenance, requiring less feed for their high egg production.
Egg Production:
Very high (average of 6-7 large white eggs per week, or up to 350 per year).
Health:
Leghorns are healthy, hardy birds, but their large combs and wattles can sometimes be susceptible to frostbite in very cold climates.
Suitability:
Ideal for those looking for maximum egg production and low-maintenance care. They are perfect for large backyards or small farms.
6. Plymouth Rock – The Dual-Purpose Classic
Overview:
Plymouth Rocks are an American breed known for their striking black-and-white barred feathers. They are considered dual-purpose chickens, raised for both meat and eggs, and are known to be friendly, hardy birds.
Personality:
Plymouth Rocks are friendly, calm, and easy to handle. They enjoy free-ranging but also adapt well to confined spaces. Their docile nature makes them great for families.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 4-5 eggs per week or 200-280 per year, brown in colour).
Health:
Plymouth Rocks are robust and generally healthy, though they can be prone to obesity if not given enough space to forage.
Suitability:
Ideal for families or backyard keepers who want a reliable egg layer that also provides good-quality meat.
7. Sussex – The Hardy All-Rounder
Overview:
The Sussex chicken is one of the oldest breeds, known for its versatility in both egg and meat production. Sussex chickens come in a variety of colours, including speckled, light, and white, and are known for their hardiness and adaptability to different climates.
Personality:
Sussex chickens are curious and friendly birds that often follow their owners around. They are excellent foragers and do well in free-range environments.
Egg Production:
Moderate to high (average of 3-5 eggs per week or 180-250 per year, light brown in colour).
Health:
Sussex chickens are hardy and can tolerate both hot and cold climates well. They generally have few health issues and are relatively low-maintenance.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a dual-purpose breed that can adapt to various environments.
8. Wyandotte – The Show-Stopper
Overview:
Wyandottes are known for their striking, laced feather patterns and are a popular choice for ornamental purposes. They are dual-purpose chickens, good for both eggs and meat, and are available in colours like silver, gold, and blue laced.
Personality:
Wyandottes are friendly, calm birds that do well in both confined and free-range environments. They tend to be docile, making them suitable for families with children.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 4 eggs per week or 200 per year, typically light brown in colour).
Health:
Wyandottes are hardy birds that tolerate cold well due to their dense feathering. They are generally healthy but can be prone to obesity if confined too much.
Suitability:
Great for those seeking a visually appealing bird that’s also practical for egg production.
9. Rhode Island Red – The Reliable Layer
Overview:
Rhode Island Reds are one of the most popular and dependable chicken breeds worldwide, known for their hardiness and excellent egg production. They are a dual-purpose breed, good for both eggs and meat.
Personality:
Rhode Island Reds are confident, sometimes assertive birds, but they are also friendly and easy to care for. They do well in most climates and are generally very resilient.
Egg Production:
High (average of 5-6 eggs per week or 250-300 per year, typically brown in colour).
Health:
Rhode Island Reds are hardy and healthy, though they can be prone to feather picking if confined in too small a space.
Suitability:
Great for beginners or those looking for a reliable, low-maintenance egg layer.
10. Barnevelder – The Dutch Layer
Overview:
Barnevelders are a Dutch breed known for their beautiful double-laced feathers and dark brown eggs. They are calm, friendly birds that adapt well to both confined and free-range environments.
Personality:
Barnevelders are easy-going birds that are good with children and other pets. They are not particularly flighty, making them easier to manage than some other breeds.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 4 eggs per week or 200 per year, typically dark brown in colour).
Health:
Barnevelders are generally hardy but can be prone to laying soft-shelled eggs if not given a calcium-rich diet.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a friendly, easy-to-care-for breed with beautiful feathering and good egg production.
11. Easter Egger – The Colourful Egg Layer
Overview:
Easter Eggers are a hybrid breed known for their ability to lay eggs in a variety of colours, including blue, green, and pink. They are hardy, friendly birds that are popular in backyard flocks.
Personality:
Easter Eggers are friendly and docile, making them a great choice for families and beginners. They are also excellent foragers and do well in free-range environments.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 4-5 colourful eggs per week, or up to 200-250 per year).
Health:
Easter Eggers are hardy and have few health problems, though they should be monitored for egg-laying issues common to hybrid breeds.
Suitability:
Ideal for those looking to add variety to their egg basket with colourful eggs.
12. Australian Langshan – The Tall Beauty
Overview:
The Australian Langshan is a tall, elegant bird with glossy black feathers and a friendly temperament. Known for both their egg production and meat quality, they are a dual-purpose breed.
Personality:
Langshans are friendly, calm birds that adapt well to both free-range and confined environments. They are also good foragers and enjoy roaming.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 4 eggs per week or 200 per year, usually light brown in colour).
Health:
Langshans are hardy birds with few health problems, though their tall stature can make them more prone to leg issues if not given enough space to roam.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a dual-purpose breed with a striking appearance.
13. Old English Game Fowl – The Heritage Breed
Overview:
Old English Game Fowl are one of the oldest chicken breeds, with origins tracing back to ancient times when they were bred for cockfighting. Today, they are admired for their striking appearance and historical value. The breed retains many of the physical traits of its wild ancestor, the Jungle Fowl, which is the species from which all domestic chickens are descended. The Old English Game Fowl's fierce and hardy nature mirrors that of the Jungle Fowl, preserving their ancient lineage.
Personality:
Old English Game Fowl are active, assertive birds with a strong instinct to roam and forage. They are best kept in free-range environments as they require more space and enjoy exploring. Their bold, self-sufficient nature reflects their wild ancestry.
Egg Production:
Low (average of 2-3 eggs per week or 100-150 per year, typically cream or white in colour).
Health:
These birds are hardy and have few health issues but need ample space to prevent aggression. They are resilient in most climates and can adapt to a range of environmental conditions, much like their Jungle Fowl ancestors.
Suitability:
Perfect for heritage enthusiasts or those looking for a decorative breed, but less ideal for those focused on egg production.
14. Orpington – The Fluffy Favourite
Overview:
Orpingtons are large, fluffy chickens known for their soft feathers and gentle nature. They are dual-purpose birds, used for both eggs and meat, and are available in a variety of colours, including buff, black, blue, and white.
Personality:
Orpingtons are friendly and easy to handle, making them a great choice for families with children. Despite their size, they are docile and adapt well to confinement, although they also enjoy free-ranging.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 4 eggs per week or 200 per year, usually brown in colour).
Health:
Orpingtons are robust and generally healthy but can become overweight if not given enough space to exercise. They are well-suited to colder climates due to their dense feathers.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a dual-purpose breed that’s gentle and family-friendly.
15. Marans – The Chocolate Egg Layer
Overview:
Marans are best known for their rich, dark brown eggs, often referred to as “chocolate eggs.” Originally from France, these birds are dual-purpose, providing both eggs and meat, and are hardy in various climates.
Personality:
Marans are generally calm and easy-going birds that adapt well to different environments. They enjoy free-ranging but can also handle confinement, making them versatile in backyard flocks.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 eggs per week or 180-200 per year, chocolate brown in colour).
Health:
Marans are generally healthy, although they can be susceptible to leg problems in cramped conditions. Regular health checks and a proper diet are important to maintain their well-being.
Suitability:
Ideal for those who want unique, dark brown chocolate-coloured eggs and a reliable dual-purpose breed.
16. New Hampshire – The All-Rounder
Overview:
New Hampshire chickens are similar to Rhode Island Reds but are slightly lighter in colour and mature faster. They are known for their excellent meat production and reliable egg-laying abilities.
Personality:
New Hampshires are active, friendly birds that are easy to manage. They do well in both free-range and confined environments and are often calm around people, making them good for families.
Egg Production:
Moderate to high (average of 4-5 eggs per week or 240 per year, brown in colour).
Health:
New Hampshires are hardy birds with few health issues, although they benefit from a diet rich in calcium to support their egg-laying.
Suitability:
Great for those looking for a reliable dual-purpose breed with a friendly nature.
17. Brahma – The Gentle Giant
Overview:
Brahmas are one of the largest chicken breeds, often referred to as "gentle giants." They are dual-purpose birds, known for their meat production, but they also lay a moderate number of eggs. Brahmas are feathered down to their feet, making them particularly suited to colder climates.
Personality:
Despite their size, Brahmas are calm and friendly birds that are easy to handle. They do well in confinement but also enjoy free-ranging when given the space.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 large brown eggs per week, or up to 180 per year).
Health:
Brahmas are generally hardy but can be prone to foot problems due to their feathered feet, especially in wet environments. They are well-suited to cold climates and can withstand lower temperatures.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a dual-purpose bird with a gentle nature, especially in colder climates or for keepers with larger spaces.
18. Araucana – The Blue Egg Layer
Overview:
The Araucana is a unique and popular chicken breed, known for laying beautiful blue eggs. Originating from South America, the breed is named after the Araucanian Indians of Chile. They are highly prized for their distinctive tufted feathers and rumpless appearance (having no tail), giving them a striking look. Araucanas are often confused with Easter Eggers and Ameraucanas, but true Araucanas have no tail and possess unique physical characteristics.
Personality:
Araucanas are generally friendly, curious birds. They enjoy free-ranging and are active foragers, making them great for backyard setups. While they can be assertive, they are not aggressive, making them suitable for mixed flocks.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 eggs per week or 150-180 per year, with unique blue shells).
Health:
Araucanas are hardy birds and are resistant to many common chicken diseases. However, due to their rumpless genetic trait, some may have reproductive issues, and careful breeding practices are important to maintain their health.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a unique breed with the added bonus of blue eggs. Araucanas are also ideal for backyard chicken enthusiasts who want a visually striking bird with good egg-laying abilities. They adapt well to most climates and are fairly low-maintenance.
19. Ancona – The Speckled Layer
Overview:
The Ancona is an eye-catching breed originally from Italy, known for its distinctive speckled black and white feathers. They are excellent layers of white eggs and have a strong resemblance to Leghorns, both in appearance and productivity. Anconas are well-suited for backyard flocks due to their resilience and active nature.
Personality:
Anconas are active, hardy birds that enjoy free-ranging. They are independent and good foragers, often preferring to roam around the yard in search of food. While they may not be as docile as other breeds, they are friendly and thrive in larger, open spaces.
Egg Production:
High (average of 5-6 white eggs per week, or 250-280 per year).
Health:
Anconas are hardy and have few health issues, tolerating a range of climates well. They are relatively low-maintenance, making them a good choice for backyard keepers.
Suitability:
Best for those seeking a prolific egg layer with a striking appearance. Anconas are well-suited for free-range environments where they can forage and explore.
20. Andalusian – The Blue-Feathered Beauty
Overview:
The Andalusian, originally from Spain, is a striking breed known for its unique blue-tinged feathers. While not as common as some other backyard breeds, they are admired for their beauty and excellent egg production. Andalusians are hardy birds, making them a great choice for a variety of climates, including Australia's hot summers.
Personality:
Andalusians are active, alert birds that enjoy free-ranging. They are independent and strong flyers, which means they benefit from larger, more open spaces. While they are not the most docile breed, they are friendly and do well in mixed flocks.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 4 large white eggs per week, or up to 200 per year).
Health:
Andalusians are hardy and resistant to many common chicken diseases. Their active nature keeps them in good shape, though their strong flying ability may require higher fences to keep them contained.
Suitability:
Ideal for those looking for a striking, active bird that is good for both eggs and ornamental purposes. Andalusians thrive in free-range environments and are great for experienced keepers looking for something unique.
21. Appenzeller – The Swiss Climber
Overview:
The Appenzeller is a distinctive breed originating from Switzerland, known for its unique crest and V-shaped comb. There are two main varieties: the Spitzhauben (with a prominent forward-facing crest) and the Barthuhner (bearded). Appenzellers are known for being agile and hardy, thriving in mountainous regions and well-suited for free-range environments.
Personality:
Appenzellers are highly active and excellent foragers. They are natural climbers and enjoy perching in high places, which reflects their heritage as a breed developed in the Swiss Alps. They tend to be independent and prefer to roam, making them better suited to large, open spaces. While not as cuddly as some other breeds, they are alert and robust.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 white eggs per week, or 150-180 per year).
Health:
Appenzellers are hardy birds, particularly suited to colder climates. Their active nature helps them stay healthy, and they generally have few health issues. However, because they enjoy flying and perching in high places, secure housing is essential to keep them safe.
Suitability:
Ideal for those with large free-range setups or mountainous terrain, Appenzellers are perfect for experienced keepers looking for an active, hardy breed with a striking appearance.
22. Belgian d'Uccle – The Bearded Bantam
Overview:
The Belgian d’Uccle (pronounced dew-clay) is a charming bantam breed originating from Belgium. Known for their feathered feet, beards, and muffs (fluffy feathers around their face), they are small but striking birds. Their muffs, along with their beards, give them a distinctive, ornamental appearance by covering their cheeks and earlobes.
This breed's attractive plumage comes in various colour patterns, including the popular Mille Fleur, with intricate patterns of gold, black, and white feathers. Despite their size, they are good layers and excellent pets.
Personality:
Belgian d’Uccles are friendly, docile birds that enjoy human interaction. They are calm and gentle, making them perfect for families or small backyard setups. Their small size makes them easy to handle, and they often enjoy being held, making them a great choice for children.
Egg Production:
Low (average of 2-3 small cream-coloured eggs per week, or 100-150 per year).
Health:
While Belgian d’Uccles are generally hardy birds, their feathered feet require extra attention to avoid mud and dirt buildup, which can lead to foot issues. They do best in dry, well-maintained environments to keep their feathers in good condition.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a friendly, ornamental breed or a pet. Belgian d’Uccles are suited to small backyard setups or even as indoor pets due to their size and temperament. Their calm nature makes them ideal for families with children.
23. Campine – The Efficient Forager
Overview:
The Campine is a hardy, active breed originating from Belgium, prized for its excellent foraging skills and ability to adapt to various environments. Known for their golden or silver plumage with distinct black barring, Campines are beautiful birds that are great for free-range setups. Despite their small size, they are efficient layers and good at taking care of themselves.
Personality:
Campines are independent, active, and alert birds. They prefer free-ranging and are excellent foragers, often finding much of their food on their own. Although not particularly docile, they are friendly and curious, making them interesting to observe. Their high energy levels mean they prefer to roam and explore rather than stay confined.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 white eggs per week, or 150-200 per year).
Health:
Campines are hardy birds with few health issues, especially well-suited to free-range environments where they can stay active. Their independence means they require less maintenance than other breeds, but they need secure fencing due to their active and flighty nature.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a hardy, low-maintenance breed that excels in free-range conditions. Campines are ideal for experienced keepers with larger, open spaces and those looking for a self-sufficient bird.
24. Cochin – The Fluffy Feathered Friend
Overview:
The Cochin is a large, fluffy breed originating from China, famous for its full feathering that covers even its legs and feet. Known more for their beauty and gentle nature than their egg production, Cochins are often kept as ornamental birds. They come in a variety of colours and are prized for their soft, rounded appearance and calm temperament.
Personality:
Cochins are incredibly docile and friendly, making them ideal for families, especially those with children. Despite their large size, they are gentle and easy to handle. While they are content in confinement, they enjoy free-ranging but are less active than many other breeds.
Egg Production:
Low to moderate (average of 2-3 light brown eggs per week, or 120-150 per year).
Health:
Cochins are hardy birds, but their heavily feathered feet need extra care in wet or muddy conditions to prevent infections. Additionally, their large size makes them prone to weight gain, so it’s important to monitor their diet and exercise.
Suitability:
Perfect for those seeking a calm, ornamental breed or a friendly pet chicken. Cochins are well-suited for backyard setups where their feathered feet can stay dry and clean, and they make a charming addition to any flock.
25. Cornish – The Meat Bird
Overview:
The Cornish chicken, originally from England, is renowned for its muscular build and is primarily raised for meat production. This breed is the foundation of most commercial broiler chickens due to its fast growth rate and excellent meat quality. Cornish chickens have broad, well-developed bodies and come in various colours, with the most common being white.
Personality:
Cornish chickens are calm and relatively docile but can be less active than other breeds due to their stocky build. While they tolerate confinement well, they do not free-range as energetically as lighter breeds. Cornish chickens are best suited for meat production and are not known for being prolific egg layers.
Egg Production:
Low (average of 1-2 light brown eggs per week, or 80-120 per year).
Health:
Cornish chickens grow quickly and can be prone to leg and heart issues due to their large size, especially in fast-growing commercial strains. They require careful management of their diet and exercise to maintain good health. Their size makes them susceptible to obesity if not properly cared for.
Suitability:
Best suited for meat production rather than as pets or egg layers. Cornish chickens are ideal for those looking to raise chickens specifically for their high-quality meat, though they require careful management to prevent health issues.
26. Cream Legbar – The Blue Egg Specialist
Overview:
The Cream Legbar is a popular autosexing breed from the UK, admired for its ability to lay striking blue eggs. Autosexing means that chicks can be easily distinguished by gender based on their feather colour at hatching, making it easier to manage your flock.
Developed in the early 20th century by crossing Leghorns, Araucanas, and other breeds, this bird stands out with its mixed cream, grey, and tan-coloured plumage, and unique crest of feathers. Its productivity and beauty make it a favorite among backyard chicken keepers.
Personality:
Cream Legbars are friendly and active birds that enjoy foraging and free-ranging. They are curious and alert, making them excellent at finding food on their own. While not overly affectionate, they are easy to manage and get along well with other breeds in mixed flocks.
Egg Production:
Moderate to high (average of 4-5 blue eggs per week, or 200-250 per year).
Health:
Cream Legbars are generally hardy birds with few health issues, making them easy to care for in a variety of climates. Their active nature keeps them fit, though they still require proper nutrition and a clean living space to thrive.
Suitability:
Ideal for those seeking a productive layer with the added charm of blue eggs. Cream Legbars are perfect for backyard enthusiasts who enjoy free-ranging chickens and want a friendly, unique addition to their flock.
27. Croad Langshan – The Versatile Heritage Breed
Overview:
The Croad Langshan is a heritage breed originating from China, known for its dual-purpose qualities, providing both high-quality meat and a good number of eggs. These large, elegant birds have striking black plumage with a beetle-green sheen and feathered legs. Brought to England in the 19th century, the Croad Langshan is valued for its hardiness and productivity, making it a great choice for backyard flocks.
Personality:
Croad Langshans are calm, friendly birds that do well in both confinement and free-range environments. They are easy to manage and have a gentle temperament, making them ideal for families and beginner chicken keepers.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 large brown eggs per week, or 180-200 per year).
Health:
Croad Langshans are hardy birds that tolerate both hot and cold climates well. However, their feathered legs require extra care in wet or muddy conditions to prevent infections. They are generally healthy and low-maintenance birds.
Suitability:
Ideal for those looking for a dual-purpose breed that can provide both eggs and meat. Croad Langshans are a great addition to mixed flocks and are well-suited for backyard setups, offering a combination of productivity and beauty.
28. Dominique – America’s Heritage Breed
Overview:
The Dominique, considered the oldest chicken breed developed in colonial America, is known for its distinctive barred plumage and calm nature. With its striking black-and-white feather pattern, it is sometimes mistaken for the Barred Plymouth Rock, but stands out with its finer barring and slightly smaller size.
The Dominique is known for having a rose comb—a low, flat comb that lies close to the head, and helps protect the breed from frostbite in colder climates, making it a practical feature for winter hardiness. The rose comb gets its name because its flat, broad, and slightly bumpy surface resembles the shape of a rose, often having a textured, petal-like appearance. Unlike the tall, single combs found on many other breeds, the rose comb is wider, flatter, and better suited to protecting the bird from cold weather, as it is less exposed to frostbite.
Although the Dominique chicken breed originated in the United States, this versatile dual-purpose bird has adapted well to various climates, making it a popular choice for backyard flocks around the world, including in Australia.
Personality:
Dominiques are known for their friendly and calm temperament. They are easy to manage, making them great for families and beginner chicken keepers. Dominiques enjoy foraging and thrive in free-range environments, though they also tolerate confinement well, making them adaptable to different setups.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 medium-sized brown eggs per week, or 230-270 per year).
Health:
Dominiques are hardy birds, particularly well-suited to cold climates due to their rose comb, which is less prone to frostbite compared to single-combed breeds. They are generally healthy, low-maintenance birds that adapt well to a variety of environments.
Suitability:
Perfect for those seeking a hardy, dual-purpose breed with a rich history. Dominiques are ideal for backyard setups, offering a good balance of egg production and meat, along with their calm and friendly nature.
29. Dorking – The Ancient Dual-Purpose Bird
Overview:
The Dorking is one of the oldest known chicken breeds, with origins dating back to Roman times. Recognised for its rectangular body shape and extra toe (a fifth toe), the Dorking is prized for both its tender meat and consistent egg production. This breed comes in several varieties, including white, silver-grey, and red, and is renowned for its docile nature and excellent table qualities.
Personality:
Dorkings are calm, friendly, and easily handled, making them ideal for families and backyard setups. They thrive in free-range environments but also adapt well to confinement. Their gentle nature makes them excellent companions for other breeds in a mixed flock.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 white or tinted eggs per week, or around 180-200 per year).
Health:
Dorkings are generally hardy birds, but their short legs and heavy bodies make them less active compared to other breeds. They thrive in milder climates, as they can be sensitive to extreme cold or heat. Their extra toe is more of a breed characteristic than a health concern, but it requires occasional monitoring to ensure it doesn’t cause foot problems.
Suitability:
Perfect for those seeking a dual-purpose breed with a rich history and exceptional meat quality. Dorkings are great for backyard keepers looking for a breed that is easy to manage, friendly, and offers a balance of meat and egg production.
30. Faverolles – The Friendly All-Rounder
Overview:
The Faverolles (pronounced fav-uh-rols) is a charming, dual-purpose breed that originated in France. Known for their distinctive beards, muffs, and feathered legs, they are both attractive and practical birds. Muffs are fluffy facial feathers that cover their cheeks and earlobes, giving them a unique, puffed appearance.
Faverolles come in various colour varieties, with Salmon being the most popular, showcasing a beautiful mix of white, brown, and black feathers. They are valued for their excellent egg-laying ability, good meat production, and their friendly, gentle personalities.
Personality:
Faverolles are incredibly friendly, docile birds, making them one of the best choices for families with children. They are easy to handle and get along well with other breeds, making them perfect for mixed flocks. Their calm demeanor also means they tolerate confinement well but will happily forage if given the chance.
Egg Production:
Moderate to high (average of 4-5 light brown or tinted eggs per week, or 200-240 per year).
Health:
Faverolles are generally hardy birds, capable of withstanding a variety of climates, including colder conditions. Their feathered legs and muffs require extra care to prevent issues with mud and moisture. Overall, they are easy to care for and have minimal health concerns.
Suitability:
Ideal for families and backyard keepers looking for a friendly, dual-purpose breed that is great with children. Faverolles are excellent layers and provide good-quality meat, making them a practical and enjoyable addition to any flock.
31. Fayoumi – The Hardy Egyptian Forager
Overview:
The Fayoumi (pronounced fie-you-mee) is an ancient chicken breed originating from Egypt, known for its extreme hardiness and adaptability. These small, active birds are excellent foragers and are well-suited to hot climates, making them popular in regions with harsh weather conditions. Their plumage is typically silver or white with black barring, giving them a striking, wild appearance.
Personality:
Fayoumis are energetic, independent birds that prefer to roam and forage. They are incredibly fast and agile, which makes them great for free-ranging setups. Although not the most docile breed, they are alert and resourceful, thriving on their ability to find food and avoid predators. Fayoumis are not known for being affectionate, but they are self-sufficient and easy to manage.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 small white eggs per week, or around 150-200 per year).
Health:
Fayoumis are one of the hardiest breeds available, particularly resistant to disease and able to withstand extreme heat. Their active nature keeps them healthy, and they rarely suffer from common chicken ailments. Due to their lightweight build and resilience, they require little maintenance aside from a secure space to roam.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a low-maintenance, hardy breed that excels in free-range environments. Fayoumis are ideal for hot climates and for backyard keepers seeking self-sufficient, active birds that require minimal intervention.
32. Frizzle – The Curly-Feathered Breed
Overview:
The Frizzle is a distinct chicken breed recognised for its unusual and eye-catching curled feathers, which grow outward rather than lying flat. This unique feature makes them stand out in any flock.
Although Frizzles are a breed of their own, frizzled feathers can also be found in several other breeds, such as Cochins, Silkies, and Polish. This means that while there is a pure Frizzle breed, some chickens from other breeds can also exhibit the frizzled feather trait. Frizzles are cherished for their ornamental value and friendly nature.
Personality:
Frizzles are friendly, gentle birds with a calm disposition, making them ideal for families and small backyard setups. They are easy to handle and get along well with other chickens. Despite their delicate appearance, they enjoy foraging and exploring their environment. Their temperament makes them great pets, especially for children.
Egg Production:
Low to moderate (average of 2-3 eggs per week or 120-150 per year, typically small and cream-coloured).
Health:
While Frizzles are generally healthy, their curled feathers provide less insulation compared to smooth-feathered breeds, making them more vulnerable to cold and wet conditions. It’s important to ensure they have access to a warm, dry shelter. Their unique feathering also requires extra care to prevent feather breakage and maintain good hygiene.
Suitability:
Frizzles are perfect for backyard enthusiasts looking for a visually striking breed that adds character to their flock. They are great as pets due to their friendly nature but may need a bit of extra attention to ensure their feather condition stays healthy.
33. Hamburg – The Spotted Beauty
Overview:
The Hamburg is a small, active chicken breed known for its strikingly beautiful appearance and prolific egg-laying ability. Originating from Holland, Hamburgs come in several colour varieties, the most popular being the Silver Spangled and Golden Spangled, both characterized by their distinctive black spots on white or gold feathers. Although they are smaller than many other breeds, Hamburgs are known for laying a surprising number of eggs for their size.
Personality:
Hamburgs are energetic, alert, and independent birds. They are excellent foragers and prefer free-ranging environments where they can roam and find their own food. Although they are not particularly cuddly, their active nature and beauty make them a popular breed among backyard keepers. They can be flighty and shy, so they do best in large, secure spaces.
Egg Production:
High (average of 4-5 small white eggs per week, or 200-250 per year).
Health:
Hamburgs are hardy birds that rarely have health issues. They are well-suited to various climates, particularly cooler areas, and their active nature helps keep them in good condition. Due to their smaller size, they are less prone to many of the common health problems associated with larger breeds.
Suitability:
Hamburgs are ideal for experienced chicken keepers looking for a productive egg layer with a striking appearance. They do best in free-range environments and are perfect for those who have enough space for them to roam. Their flighty nature makes them less suitable for families looking for a pet, but their beauty and egg-laying abilities make them a great addition to any flock.
34. Houdan – The Crested French Beauty
Overview:
The Houdan is a unique and ornamental chicken breed originating from France. Recognised by its distinctive V-shaped comb and large crested head, Houdans are known for their striking appearance. Their black-and-white plumage, often referred to as "mottled" or "speckled," adds to their visual appeal. Historically bred for both meat and eggs, Houdans are now prized primarily for their ornamental value and friendly nature.
Personality:
Houdans are calm, docile birds, making them excellent pets and great for family flocks. They enjoy being handled and tend to be more affectionate than some other breeds. Despite their calm nature, Houdans can be active and enjoy foraging, making them adaptable to both confinement and free-range environments. Their friendly demeanor makes them suitable for mixed flocks.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 2-3 white eggs per week, or 150-180 per year).
Health:
Houdans are generally hardy birds, but their large crests require extra care, as they can obstruct their vision and make them more susceptible to predators. Regular checks to ensure their crest feathers remain clean and dry are important. They do well in moderate climates but may need additional shelter in wet or cold conditions due to their feathering.
Suitability:
Houdans are perfect for those looking for an ornamental breed with a calm and friendly personality. They are well-suited for backyard setups and mixed flocks, offering both beauty and moderate egg production. Their unique appearance and easy-going temperament make them a favorite for chicken enthusiasts.
35. Japanese Bantam – The Tiny Ornamental Charmer
Overview:
The Japanese Bantam is a true bantam breed, meaning it has no larger counterpart; it exists only in its small form and was not bred down from a larger variety. This sets it apart from many other bantam breeds, which are miniature versions of standard-sized chickens.
Originating from Japan, this small but elegant breed is known for its short legs, large upright tail, and beautiful plumage. Japanese Bantams come in a variety of colours, with the most popular being black, white, and mottled. They are primarily kept for ornamental purposes due to their striking appearance and compact size.
Personality:
Japanese Bantams are friendly, lively birds that are surprisingly confident despite their small stature. They are gentle and tend to do well in confined spaces, making them ideal for backyard setups or as pets. Although they enjoy foraging, they are not as active as larger breeds and are content in smaller areas. Their docile nature makes them great companions in mixed flocks, though care must be taken with larger birds to avoid bullying.
Egg Production:
Low (average of 1-2 small cream-coloured eggs per week, or around 50-100 per year).
Health:
Japanese Bantams are hardy birds despite their delicate appearance, though their short legs can make them prone to foot and leg problems, especially in wet or muddy conditions. They do best in dry environments with good bedding to support their legs. They can also be sensitive to cold, so extra care is needed during cooler months.
Suitability:
Japanese Bantams are perfect for those looking for an ornamental breed that is small, friendly, and easy to manage. They are ideal for small backyard flocks or as pets, especially in environments where space is limited. Their beauty and gentle temperament make them a popular choice for chicken enthusiasts and families alike.
36. Minorca – The Mediterranean Egg Layer
Overview:
The Minorca is a Mediterranean breed known for its large size and exceptional egg-laying ability. Originating from the island of Minorca, off the coast of Spain, this breed is easily recognisable by its glossy black feathers, large white earlobes, and striking red comb. Minorcas are among the largest of the Mediterranean breeds, but despite their size, they are valued primarily for their ability to produce large white eggs consistently.
Personality:
Minorcas are active, alert birds that enjoy foraging and free-ranging. They are hardy and independent, making them well-suited to larger, open spaces where they can roam freely. Although they are not particularly affectionate, they are known to be friendly and easy to manage. Minorcas are not typically broody, which means they maintain steady egg production throughout the year.
Egg Production:
High (average of 4-5 large white eggs per week, or 200-250 per year).
Health:
Minorcas are hardy birds, particularly well-suited to warmer climates due to their Mediterranean origins. They are less tolerant of cold weather, so extra care is needed in cooler climates, especially to protect their large combs from frostbite. Overall, they are low-maintenance and healthy birds with few common health concerns.
Suitability:
Perfect for those looking for a high-producing egg layer that thrives in warm climates. Minorcas are ideal for free-range setups where they can forage and be active. Their striking appearance and steady egg production make them a great addition to any flock, though they do best in areas with mild to warm weather.
37. Naked Neck – The Heat-Resistant Chicken
Overview:
The Naked Neck, often referred to as the "Turken" due to its turkey-like appearance, is a unique breed distinguished by its lack of feathers on the neck and parts of the body. This odd appearance isn’t just cosmetic—their featherless necks help them tolerate hot climates better than most other breeds, making them particularly popular in warm regions. Originating from Transylvania, this hardy dual-purpose breed is known for both its egg production and good-quality meat.
Personality:
Naked Necks are friendly, calm birds that are easy to manage. Despite their unusual appearance, they are hardy and adapt well to both free-range and confined environments. They are known for being good foragers and are generally docile, making them suitable for mixed flocks. Naked Necks have a reputation for being great with children and easy to handle.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 3-4 medium-sized brown eggs per week, or 150-200 per year).
Health:
Naked Necks are exceptionally hardy, withstanding both heat and cold better than expected, though they thrive in warmer climates due to their featherless necks. Their reduced feathering makes them less prone to overheating, while still providing enough insulation in cooler weather. They are generally robust birds with few health issues.
Suitability:
Ideal for those in warmer climates or anyone looking for a low-maintenance, heat-resistant breed. Naked Necks are perfect for backyard flocks, offering both egg production and good-quality meat, while their unique look adds character to any flock.
38. Polish – The Crested Showstopper
Overview:
The Polish chicken is an ornamental breed known for its distinctive, fluffy crest of feathers that nearly covers its entire head, giving it a striking and elegant appearance. While the breed's origins are somewhat debated, it is believed to have come from the Netherlands or Poland, and it has long been admired for its showy look.
Polish chickens come in a wide range of colour varieties, including white, black, buff laced, and silver. Although they are primarily kept for ornamental purposes, they are also moderate egg layers.
Personality:
Polish chickens are generally friendly, curious, and relatively calm. However, because their large crest can obstruct their vision, they may appear nervous or skittish at times, particularly in environments with sudden movements or surprises. They thrive in calm, secure environments and can adapt well to confinement. Polish chickens are often kept as pets or show birds due to their unique appearance and gentle temperament.
Egg Production:
Moderate (average of 2-3 small white eggs per week, or 120-150 per year).
Health:
While generally healthy, Polish chickens require extra care for their crests. Their fluffy head feathers can obscure their vision, making them more vulnerable to predators and stress. It’s important to keep their crests clean and dry, as wet or dirty feathers can lead to infections or discomfort. In cold or rainy climates, they need proper shelter to protect their feathers.
Suitability:
Polish chickens are perfect for those looking for a visually stunning breed to add character to their backyard flock. Their friendly nature makes them great for families, but they thrive best in calm environments where they feel safe. Though they are not prolific layers, their unique appearance and charming personalities make them a favorite for ornamental purposes and chicken shows.
39. Sebright – The Ornamental Gem
Overview:
The Sebright is a true bantam breed, meaning it has no larger counterpart, and it is prized for its striking, laced feather pattern. Developed in England by Sir John Sebright in the early 1800s, this breed is one of the most beautiful and ornamental bantams, available in two colour varieties: Golden and Silver Laced. The Sebright’s intricate lacing makes it a popular choice for show birds and ornamental flocks, though they are not typically raised for egg or meat production.
Personality:
Sebrights are lively, active birds with a bold personality. Despite their small size, they are energetic and confident, often showing more independence than other bantams. They enjoy foraging and prefer free-range environments but can adapt to confinement if given enough space to move around. Sebrights are friendly and sociable but may not be as docile as some other breeds, making them more suitable for experienced keepers.
Egg Production:
Low (average of 1-2 small white eggs per week, or 60-100 per year).
Health:
Sebrights are generally healthy birds but can be more delicate than larger breeds. Due to their small size, they are more susceptible to cold and should be provided with adequate shelter in colder climates. Their active nature helps keep them in good shape, but regular health checks are essential, particularly in wet or damp conditions.
Suitability:
Perfect for experienced keepers or those interested in ornamental birds, Sebrights are ideal for showing and as part of a decorative backyard flock. While they are not prolific layers, their beauty and bold personality make them a standout breed in any collection.
40. Sultan – The Regal Ornamental
Overview:
The Sultan chicken, originally from Turkey, is an ornamental breed that once graced the gardens and courtyards of Ottoman sultans. Named for its connection to Turkish royalty, these birds were bred specifically for their extravagant appearance and were kept as decorative birds in the gardens of the Sultan’s palace. With their full crests, feathered legs, v-shaped combs, and muffs, they were regarded as symbols of status and elegance.
Sultans come in white, black, and blue varieties, though white remains the most popular today. While they are not known for high egg production or meat yield, they continue to be prized for their beauty and are a popular choice for poultry enthusiasts and exhibitors.
Personality:
Sultans are friendly, calm, and affectionate birds, making them excellent pets and ornamental birds for families. Despite their delicate appearance, they are sociable and enjoy interacting with humans and other chickens. They do well in confined environments but are not active foragers, making them more suited for smaller, controlled spaces.
Egg Production:
Low (average of 1-2 small white eggs per week, or 50-100 per year).
Health:
Sultans are relatively hardy, but their extravagant feathering, especially on their feet and head, requires extra care. Their feathers can easily become dirty or matted, especially in wet or muddy conditions, so they need clean, dry living spaces. Their large crests may also obstruct their vision, making them more vulnerable to predators. Regular care of their feathers andd protection from the elements is essential to keep them healthy.
Suitability:
Sultans are ideal for those looking for a beautiful, ornamental breed to add elegance to their backyard flock. Their gentle and friendly nature makes them suitable for families and beginner chicken keepers, though they require extra grooming and care for their feathers. Perfect for small backyard setups, they are a visually striking addition to any ornamental flock.
41. Welsummer – The Classic Dutch Layer
Overview:
The Welsummer is a beautiful Dutch breed known for its striking appearance and exceptional egg-laying ability. Originating from the village of Welsum in the Netherlands, this breed gained popularity in the early 1900s and is best recognised for producing rich, dark brown eggs, often with speckles.
Welsummers are known for their attractive, multi-coloured feathers, with the rooster displaying vibrant copper-red and black plumage, while hens boast more subtle, earth-toned feathers.
Personality:
Welsummers are friendly, intelligent, and hardy birds. They are active foragers and do well in free-range environments, making them an excellent choice for backyard keepers with plenty of space. Though not overly affectionate, Welsummers are easy to manage and tend to be calm around humans. They are also known to be alert and good at avoiding predators, which adds to their suitability for free-ranging.
Egg Production:
Moderate to high (average of 3-4 large dark brown eggs per week, or 180-220 per year).
Health:
Welsummers are generally healthy, robust birds that adapt well to different climates. They are cold-hardy and low-maintenance, with few common health issues. Because they are active and enjoy foraging, they are less prone to obesity and tend to stay in good shape naturally.
Suitability:
Welsummers are ideal for those looking for a hardy, attractive breed that excels in free-range environments. Their dark brown eggs are a favorite among chicken keepers, and their calm nature makes them a great addition to any mixed flock. They are well-suited for families and backyard enthusiasts looking for both beauty and productivity in a breed.
Choosing the Right Breed for Your Backyard
When selecting the right breed for your backyard, consider your primary goals—whether it’s egg production, meat, or simply having friendly companions. If egg production is the main focus, breeds like Isa Browns, Leghorns, and Rhode Island Reds are excellent choices. For dual-purpose breeds that provide both eggs and meat, consider Australorps, Sussex, Plymouth Rocks, and Marans. If you’re looking for a pet or ornamental breed, Silkies, Pekin Bantams, and Old English Game Fowl bring charm and beauty to your flock.
Final Thoughts
Raising chickens in Australia offers many rewards, from fresh eggs to the enjoyment of watching your flock roam and forage in the yard. With each breed offering unique characteristics, there’s a chicken for every need, whether it’s reliable egg production, friendly companionship, or simply adding beauty to your backyard. Choose the right breed for your environment and lifestyle to keep your backyard chooks happy, healthy, and thriving.